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Sex Differences in Long-term Attendance and Dropout Rates in Phase III Cardiovascular Rehabilitation Programs
Session:
Sessão de Posters 57 - Diferenças de género em Cardiologia
Speaker:
Madalena Martinho da Silva de Lemos Pires
Congress:
CPC 2024
Topic:
J. Preventive Cardiology
Theme:
28. Risk Factors and Prevention
Subtheme:
28.14 Risk Factors and Prevention - Other
Session Type:
Cartazes
FP Number:
---
Authors:
Madalena Lemos Pires; Mariana Borges; Gonçalo de Sá; Ana Abrantes; Pedro Alves da Silva; Nelson Cunha; Inês Ricardo; Fausto Pinto; Rita Pinto; Xavier Melo; Ana Abreu
Abstract
<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Background</strong>: There are notably reported differences in terms of phase II cardiac rehabilitation (CR) adherence regarding men and women, with women being underrepresented and having lower attendance rates. These sex differences are still unclear regarding long-term phase III CR programs. Understanding and comparing the behaviour of long-term attendance and trends of dropout between sex, might be useful to early identify patients at risk of not completing a 12-month phase III CR program. </span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Purpose</strong>: to analyse attendance and dropout behaviour between men and women in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) attending for 12-months a phase III long-term CR program. </span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Methods</strong>: CVD patients attended 3 or 2 times/week exercise sessions at a phase III CR program. Attendance (sessions attended/sessions proposed) and dropouts were recorded (reason of dropout and final date were registered). Clinical information was consulted. Chi-square and independent sample t tests were used (or non-parametric alternative).</span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Results</strong>: CVD patients (N=197) enrolled a long-term phase III CR program (23.4% women, 61±10 years-old, 86.3% coronary artery disease, 82.2% phase II CR). Regarding dropout rates, between enrolment and 12-months, 17 women (36.95%) and 39 men (25.83%) dropped out of the CR phase III program with the main reason attributed to incompatibility of work schedule/CR sessions (men: 11.9% vs women: 42.9%), followed by health-related issues (men: 6.62% vs women: 15.22%). The biggest dropout was between 0 and 3-months (men: 8,61% vs women: 13,04%) and between 6 and 12-months (men: 13,25% vs women: 17,39%). In terms of attendance, women had lower attendance at 3 months (68.08% ± 18.17 vs 74.16% ± 18.17; p-value=0.003), at 6 months (69.88% ± 16.52 vs 60.2% ± 17.57, p-value = 0.005) and at 12 months (57.54% ± 19.88% vs 68.85% ± 17.07, p-value = 0.002), compared to men. Furthermore, having completed a phase II CR program was associated with completing one year of the phase III CR program [x<sup>2 </sup>(1,N=197) = 6.252, p-value=0.012]. Comparisons between those who did and did not attend a phase II CR program indicated a greater attendance in men that did attend (3-months: 75.39±17.80% vs 66.89%±19.05%, p-value=0.042; 6-months: 71.24%±16.47% vs 62.24%±15.01%, p-value=0.015; 12-months: 70.31%±16.68% vs 59,14%±16.97%, p-value=0.015). </span></span></p> <p><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><strong>Conclusion</strong>: these findings suggest that the discrepancies observed between men and women in phase II CR programs in terms of attendance and dropout rates remains in long-term phase III CR programs, and that not attending a phase II might be a good predictor of dropping out in the first year of a phase III CR program. Interventions in phase III CR programs are needed to decrease dropouts and increase attendance, specifically in women and in patients who did not attend a phase II CR program. </span></span></p>
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