SPC365

Sarcopenic obesity - a hidden problem in Cardiovascular Risk

Session: Sessão de Posters 48 - Exercício, Estilos de Vida e Obesidade
Speaker: Patrícia Bernardes

Congress: CPC 2024
Topic: J. Preventive Cardiology
Theme: 28. Risk Factors and Prevention
Subtheme: 28.14 Risk Factors and Prevention - Other
Session Type: Cartazes
FP Number: ---
Authors: Patrícia Bernardes; Rita Marinheiro; Ana Rita Sousa; Crisálida Ferreira; Margarida Lopes Madeira; Joana Ferreira; Rui Coelho; Jéni Quintal; Catarina Pohle; Quitéria Rato; Filipe Seixo

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Introduction:</strong> Sarcopenic obesity is defined as the coexistence of body fat accumulation and muscle loss. It seems to be a more severe disorder than obesity alone.</span></span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Purpose: </strong>We aimed to determine the prevalence of probable sarcopenic obesity among the Portuguese elderly and the association between sarcopenic obesity and cardiovascular (CV) risk.<strong> </strong></span></span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Methods:</strong> A prospective study based on the information collected through the application of the SARC-F questionnaire. SARC-F was used as a screening tool to identify probable sarcopenic patients (SARC-F &ge;4). Obesity was defined as a body mass index (BMI) &ge; 30 Kg/m<sup>2</sup>.</span></span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Results:</strong> <span style="color:black">We prospectively evaluated 215 </span>participants, aged 65-90 years,<span style="color:black"> recruited at a local cardiovascular screening event in May 2023; 54% were male.</span></span></span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">We found that 26% were probable sarcopenic and 27,4% had a BMI &gt; 30 kg/m<sup>2</sup>. The prevalence of sarcopenic obesity in our population was 13% and 61% of them were women. Also, there was a significant association between a higher body mass index and sarcopenia for SARC-F &ge;4 (OR: 4,1; p-value &lt; 0,001). </span></span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">There wasn&rsquo;t a statistically significant difference in the prevalence of hypertension (64.3% vs 54.8%, p= 0,461), diabetes mellitus (64.3% vs 51.6%, p= 0,325), smoking (39.3% vs 35.5%, p= 0,763), hypercholesterolemia (64.3% vs 38.7%, p= 0,05) and sedentary lifestyle (100% vs 97%, p= 0,338) between individuals with probable sarcopenic obesity and obese adults with no sacopenia. </span></span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Cardiovascular risk, assessed by SCORE2 and SCORE2-OP, in the probable sarcopenic obesity group was statistically significantly higher than in obesity group with SARC-F &lt;4 (U = 91, p-value &lt; 0,001). <span style="font-size:9.0pt">Image 1</span></span></span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Discussion and Conclusion: </strong>Using SARC-F as a screening tool for sarcopenia, this study found a similar prevalence of sarcopenic obesity<span style="color:black">, when comparing to the global numbers of this major health challenge.</span></span></span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Although there wasn&rsquo;t a statistically significant difference in the prevalence of individual risk factors between groups, we conclude sarcopenic obese patients had a higher cardiovascular risk score when compared with obese patients, which is in agreement with its close relationship with cardiovascular disease. </span></span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Since sarcopenia is not taking into account when cardiovascular risk is assessed, we demonstrate that screening tests for sarcopenia may be useful to add information to CV risk. More studies are needed to assess if sarcopenia is associated with an effective higher CV risk in a long-term follow-up, in addition to the tools that are used nowadays. </span></span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Keywords:</strong> Sarcopenic obesity; cardiovascular risk </span></span></p>