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High screening blood pressure is found in most obese primary school children from the north of Portugal: preliminary results from the GREAT study.
Session:
Sessão de Posters 56 - Medicina Cardiovascular: a Pessoa e a Doença
Speaker:
Milena Moraes
Congress:
CPC 2024
Topic:
P. Other
Theme:
37. Miscellanea
Subtheme:
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Session Type:
Cartazes
FP Number:
---
Authors:
Milena Moraes; Irene Guimarães; Marta Amaral; Rui Miranda; Rita Martins; Inês Azevedo; Sara Araújo; Rosa Cardoso; Lúcia Gomes; Miguel Costa; Rui Baptista; Carla Araújo
Abstract
<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">BACKGROUND: Paediatric obesity prevalence has increased worldwide over the past five decades, with socioeconomic disparities within countries. Schools, as distinctive environments, possess the potential to mitigate such inequities, yet remain an often-overlooked collaborator in the implementation of primordial prevention strategies.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">AIMS: To study the prevalence of overweight, obesity, high body fat percentage (BF%), high waist-to-stature ratio (WSR), and high screening blood pressure (BP) in children from primary schools in Portugal.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">METHODS: Cross-sectional study of preliminary data from 277 children from 3 primary schools (mean age 8.7 years-old, age range: 6.4-11.7 years-old; 51.3% girls) participating in the ongoing </span><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">GREAT (<em>Target in promoting children's health: a research-driven school-based physical activity intervention</em>)</span> <span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">prospective cohort study, at </span><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">baseline (June 2023). Anthropometric measures and BP were obtained by a trained team using standardized techniques and appropriate equipment. Body composition was analysed by bioelectrical impedance (RJL System), and fat-free mass, obtained by a validated equation for this age range. Overweight was defined as body mass index (BMI) (kg/m²) ≥1SD and obesity as BMI ≥2SD of the median for age and sex, according to the WHO 2007 Growth Reference. BF% was high when ≥25% for boys and ≥30% for girls. A WSR of more than 0.5 was an indicator of abdominal adiposity. Screening BP values requiring further evaluation were defined according to the 2017 American Guidelines. </span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">RESULTS: The prevalence of overweight or obesity was 28% in the whole population. The prevalence of obesity and of </span><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">high body fat percentage </span><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">was higher in boys than in girls (14.3 vs 7.7%, p=0.082; 16.3 vs 7.4%, p=0.003, respectively). High </span><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">abdominal adiposity was observed in 9.5% of the children, with no significant difference by sex. More boys than girls presented screening BP values requiring further evaluation (31% vs. 18%, p=0.013). It was observed a gradient of increase of this parameter with BMI (normal BMI: 16.4%, overweight: 34% and obesity: 66.7%, p<0.001) (Figure 1). About 40% of participants (110 children) were signalized as having at least one criterium leading to referral for further medical evaluation.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">CONCLUSIONS: This cohort of primary school children in Portugal exhibits a high prevalence of health indicators associated with adulthood health trajectories of cardiometabolic and psychosocial comorbidity increased risk. </span></span></span></p>
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