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A home-based cardiac rehabilitation program aimed at improving their cardiac condition and functional capacity in patients with LVEF
Session:
Sessão de Posters 56 - Medicina Cardiovascular: a Pessoa e a Doença
Speaker:
Carina Rebelo
Congress:
CPC 2024
Topic:
P. Other
Theme:
37. Miscellanea
Subtheme:
32.3 Cardiovascular Nursing - Other
Session Type:
Cartazes
FP Number:
---
Authors:
Carina Rebelo; Jose Bastos; Vera Afreixo; Ana Abreu
Abstract
<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Background:</strong></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Patients hospitalized, with decreased left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) experience limitations in daily activities and an increase in dependence. Mobility is one of the most affected factors, namely postural balance, walking, among others. This fact can hinder the resolution of the underlying pathology, which can delay recovery, promote frailty, and increase the risk of comorbidities. Exercise inertia is a well-defined cardiovascular (CV) risk factor, that causes greater physical dependence, greater frailty, and less responsiveness to disease.</span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Aims: </strong></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">To assess the physical fitness of patients undergoing a home-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) program aimed at improving their cardiac condition and functional capacity in patients with LVEF.</span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Methods:</strong> </span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">A prospective and experimental study, carried out on patients admitted with LVEF. After patients informed consent, sociodemographic data were collected and exercise and education sessions were carried out during hospitalization (time 1 – T1). Upon discharge, they were advised a home exercise program. Over the course of 12 weeks, regular contacts were made to monitor the program and at the end, a new assessment of patients was carried out (time 2-T2). Dynamic balance and mobility (Fullerton battery of tests), upper body strength (handgrip strength test), cardiorespiratory fitness was used to evaluate physical fitness. Also were submitted to STOP-Bang scale and IPAQ. Using R version 4.2.2, descriptive and inferential analyses were conducted, and all test results p<0.05.</span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Results:</strong></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Evaluated 25 patients, there was a statistically significant improvement (p <0.001) between the T1 and T2 groups in the assessment Fullerton battery test: functional physical fitness (lower and upper limb strength, flexibility of the upper and lower limbs, motor agility / dynamic balance and aerobic resistance -6MWT) and the assessment of dynamic balance. Also, in the assessment of handgrip strength, the IPAQ questionnaire and in the EQ-5D there was a statistically significant difference between the T1 and T2 patients reviews. </span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The differences between T1 and T2 concerning LVEF can be seen in the boxplot diagram below.</span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Conclusions:</strong></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Patients with LVEF ≤40% exhibit high-risk CV score. The results showed an improvement in the functional capacity, balance and quality of life of the patients, which suggests that CR's efficacy could be evaluated using balance. Disability and frailty indicate poor performance.</span></span></p>
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