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Handgrip strength and muscle mass gains in phase III cardiac rehabilitation patients – impact of weekly exercise training frequency
Session:
Sessão de Posters 34 - Medicina Cardiovascular: Para além dos cardiologistas
Speaker:
Mariana Borges
Congress:
CPC 2024
Topic:
P. Other
Theme:
37. Miscellanea
Subtheme:
29.2 Cardiovascular Rehabilitation
Session Type:
Cartazes
FP Number:
---
Authors:
Mariana Borges; Madalena Lemos Pires; Rita Pinto; Gonçalo Sá; Daniel Cazeiro; Ana Abrantes; Pedro Alves da Silva; Nelson Cunha; Inês Ricardo; João Magalhães; Fausto Pinto; Ana Abreu
Abstract
<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Background:</strong> Sarcopenia is associated with a faster progression of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Handgrip strength and skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) are crucial when assessing sarcopenia. Phase III cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programs usually offer a variety of exercise modalities and schedules. Having an insight on how this variety can affect gains in strength and muscle mass can help tailoring guidance to patients, optimizing long-term CR effectiveness. </span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Purpose:</strong> to compare gains in handgrip strength and SMI in patients attending phase III exercise CR sessions either 3 or 2 times/week over 12 months. </span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Methods: </strong>CVD patients attending for 12 months a phase III CR program were included. Handgrip strength and appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) were assessed at baseline (M0) and after 12 months (M1) with a dynamometer and dual X ray absorptiometry (DEXA), respectively. SMI was calculated dividing ASM (kg) by height (m<sup>2</sup>). After initial screening, patients chose to attend 60 minutes exercise CR sessions either 3 or 2 times/week. Attendance rates were calculated dividing number of sessions attended by number of sessions planned. Paired/independent sample t-tests were used (or non parametric alternatives when applicable). </span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Results: </strong>One hundred and six patients completed 12 months of exercise CR sessions. Eighty-nine chose 3 times/week (61 ± 11 years old, 81.61% male, 87.36% had coronary artery disease (CAD)) and nineteen chose 2 times/week (67 ± 8 years old, 78.85% male, 84.21% CAD). Handgrip strength (both arms) was compared between M0 and M1. Only patients attending 3 times/week improved handgrip strength (M0: 39.93±9.78kg vs M1: 41.04±9.92kg, p-value<0.001 right arm; M0: 36.93±9.90kg vs M1: 38.32 ± 9.97kg, p-value=0.002 left arm). A sub analysis made with ninety patients also only showed improvements in SMI in patients attending 3 times/week (M0: 7.66±0.97 kg/m<sup>2</sup> M1: 7.77±0.97kg/m<sup>2</sup>; p-value<0.001). Attendance rates to CR exercise sessions were the same between groups (69.78± 14.40% vs 73.09±13.68%; p-value=0.181) but age was higher in the 2 times/week group (p-value=0.007). </span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Conclusion: </strong>attending a higher number of CR exercise sessions per week (3 times/week) might lead to greater improvements on handgrip strength. Higher attendance rates in patients attending exercise CR sessions 2 times/week might be crucial to achieve comparable results. Further analysis are needed to comprehensively understand the impact of different exercise modalities and attendance rates on other health outcomes in long-term CR programs. </span></span></p>
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