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Digital self-reported cardiovascular risk factors in a sample of the Portuguese population - preliminary results from the RADICAL Study
Session:
Sessão de Posters 22 - Risco cardiovascular
Speaker:
Helder Dores
Congress:
CPC 2024
Topic:
J. Preventive Cardiology
Theme:
28. Risk Factors and Prevention
Subtheme:
28.14 Risk Factors and Prevention - Other
Session Type:
Cartazes
FP Number:
---
Authors:
Helder Dores; José Ferreira Santos; Sara Gamboa Madeira; Sofia Furtado; Hugo Pereira; Diana Teixeira
Abstract
<p style="text-align:start"><span style="font-size:medium"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="color:#000000"><strong>Background:</strong> Cardiovascular (CV) diseases remain the worldwide leading cause of death. Risk stratification and early intervention with lifestyle changes and therapeutic measures are essential to overcome this reality. In this <span style="color:black">preliminary baseline data analysis </span>of the <strong>RADICAL Study</strong> <em>(<strong>RA</strong>streio <strong>D</strong>igital do r<strong>I</strong>sco <strong>CA</strong>rdiovascu<strong>L</strong>ar)</em>, we aimed to evaluate the prevalence of self-reported CV risk factors in a sample of the Portuguese adult population, using a digital tool, in the first month of this ongoing study.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:start"><span style="font-size:medium"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="color:#000000"><strong>Methodology:</strong> A self-reported CV risk stratification digital tool integrating 23 questions about classical and lifestyle CV risk factors, including age, sex, smoking, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, lipid profile, diabetes, sleeping and eating habits, and physical activity, was previously developed and validated. Individuals were invited to complete the questionnaire through social media and other online platforms. Adults aged 40-69 without known CV disease are being recruited during a planned enrollment period of 6 months.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:start"><span style="font-size:medium"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="color:#000000"><strong>Results: </strong>To date, a total of 2820 answers were received from participants with a mean age of 53.4<span style="font-family:Symbol">±</span>7.7 years old, and 74.7% were female. After the exclusion of 710 due to know CV disease, the final sample included 2110 answers. Among the classical CV risk factors, 29.9% of participants reported hypercholesterolemia and 14.2% were on cholesterol-lowering medication, 19.8% hypertension and 17.1% were on antihypertensive drugs, 12.9% smoking, 4.4% diabetes and 3.8% were on medication for glycemia control. Only 44.2% of participants referred regular physical activity (median 5.0 <span style="font-family:Symbol">[</span>3.0; 6.0<span style="font-family:Symbol">]</span> hours per week), the mean BMI was 26.4<span style="font-family:Symbol">±</span>4.7kg/m<sup>2</sup> (20.1% with obesity) and the mean sleeping hours per night was 6.9<span style="font-family:Symbol">±</span>1.0 hours (34,8% sleeping less than 7 hours). Among the eating habits, 35.9% reported a daily consumption of 5 portions of vegetables/fruit and 16.6% a daily consumption of red/processed meat. In comparison, the majority (59.1%) reported adding salt to main meal preparation. A third of the participants (33.4%) measured their blood pressure in the previous 24 hours (mean systolic 122<span style="font-family:Symbol">±</span>15mmHg and diastolic 76<span style="font-family:Symbol">±</span>12mmHg blood pressure), and 40.1% had a lipid profile evaluation in the last six months (mean total cholesterol 189<span style="font-family:Symbol">±</span>47mg/dl and non-HDL cholesterol 120<span style="font-family:Symbol">±</span>48mg/dl).</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:start"><strong><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Conclusions: </span></span></strong><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The preliminary results of the RADICAL Study show a high prevalence of CV risk factors in adults without known CV disease. Beyond the relevance of traditional risk factors, such as hypercholesterolemia and hypertension, the results regarding physical activity, BMI, and sleep are concerning. A self-reported CV risk stratification digital tool could be feasible and improve CV prevention.</span></span></span></p>
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