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Prevalence and predictors of peripheral artery disease in hypertensive individuals: results from a local cardiovascular screening event
Session:
Posters (Sessão 6 - Écran 5) - Risco Cardiovascular
Speaker:
Joana Silva Ferreira
Congress:
CPC 2023
Topic:
J. Preventive Cardiology
Theme:
28. Risk Factors and Prevention
Subtheme:
28.14 Risk Factors and Prevention - Other
Session Type:
Pósters Electrónicos
FP Number:
---
Authors:
Joana Silva Ferreira; Ana Fátima Esteves; Antonio Pinheiro Candjondjo; José Maria Farinha; Rui Antunes Coelho; Jéni Quintal; Sara Gonçalves; Cátia Costa; Quitéria Rato; Rui Caria
Abstract
<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:medium"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="color:#000000"><strong><span style="font-family:Cambria,serif">Background: </span></strong><span style="font-family:Cambria,serif">Peripheral artery disease<strong> </strong>(PAD) is associated with a higher risk of major adverse cardiovascular (CV) events and hypertension is one of its main risk factors. However, since it is often asymptomatic, PAD is underdiagnosed. The ankle-brachial index (ABI) is considered an accurate method for the diagnosis of PAD and is often also used for screening. Despite the availability of a simple screening tool, studies of prevalence of PAD in the Portuguese population are still lacking.</span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:medium"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="color:#000000"><strong><span style="font-family:Cambria,serif">Purpose: </span></strong><span style="font-family:Cambria,serif">To assess the prevalence of PAD in a Portuguese sample of high to very high-risk hypertensive patients and evaluate potential predictors of PAD in this population.</span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:medium"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="color:#000000"><strong><span style="font-family:Cambria,serif">Methods: </span></strong><span style="font-family:Cambria,serif">We conducted an observational study including hypertensive individuals considered at high or very high cardiovascular risk, according to their calculated SCORE of ≥ 5% and ≥ 10%, respectively. The sample was recruited at a local cardiovascular screening event, where 103 individuals at high/very high CV risk were screened for peripheral artery disease through the ABI. Of these individuals, 81 had hypertension and constituted our sample. Systolic blood pressures were measured in all limbs by trained examiners using the Doppler method. PAD was defined as an ABI ≤ 0.9.</span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:medium"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="color:#000000"><strong><span style="font-family:Cambria,serif">Results:</span></strong><span style="font-family:Cambria,serif"> The sample consisted of 81 individuals, with a median age of 70 years. The majority of the sample (86%) had at least one risk factor other than hypertension. 78% had dyslipidemia, 44% had diabetes and 19% were smokers. The prevalence of PAD was 23%, with only 5% of cases being symptomatic, and none of the individuals had a previous diagnosis of PAD. The mean systolic blood pressure (measured in the screening) in the group with PAD was higher than in the group with a normal ABI (166.6 <em>vs</em> 154.5; p=0.023) and systolic blood pressure was independently associated with increased likelihood of PAD (OR 1.04; 95% CI 1.002-1.069; p=0.035). A history of previous cardiovascular events was also independently associated with PAD (OR 6.67; 95% CI 1.435-31.021; p=0.016).</span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:medium"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="color:#000000"><strong><span style="font-family:Cambria,serif">Conclusion: </span></strong><span style="font-family:Cambria,serif">Our results confirm that<strong> </strong>PAD is common among hypertensive individuals but is still underdiagnosed. The association between higher systolic blood pressure and PAD among hypertensive patients highlights the importance of an optimal control of this risk factor.</span></span></span></span></p>
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