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Cardiovascular prevention and coronary artery disease in the young – a single centre analysis
Session:
Posters (Sessão 2 - Écran 2) - Cardiologia em Populações Especiais 2
Speaker:
Carolina Miguel Gonçalves
Congress:
CPC 2023
Topic:
K. Cardiovascular Disease In Special Populations
Theme:
30. Cardiovascular Disease in Special Populations
Subtheme:
30.14 Cardiovascular Disease in Special Populations - Other
Session Type:
Pósters Electrónicos
FP Number:
---
Authors:
Carolina Miguel Gonçalves; Margarida Cabral; Mariana Carvalho; Adriana Vazão; Sara Fernandes; Fátima Saraiva; Jorge Guardado; João Morais
Abstract
<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:medium"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="color:#000000"><strong>Background</strong></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:medium"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="color:#000000">In contrast to older adults, cardiovascular events in the young appear to be increasing. Therefore, identifying risk factors is of the uttermost importance to improve cardiovascular prevention.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:medium"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="color:#000000"><strong>Aim</strong></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:medium"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="color:#000000">To identify risk factors related to coronary artery disease (CAD) in the young.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:medium"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="color:#000000"><strong>Material and methods</strong></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:medium"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="color:#000000">Retrospective, single-centre analysis of 171 patients - younger than 45 years - admitted for invasive stratification because of suspected coronary heart disease, during a 5-year period. Two cohorts were defined according to the presence of significant CAD and its baseline characteristics and cardiovascular risk factors compared. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to assess predictors of CAD in our population.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:medium"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="color:#000000"><strong>Results</strong></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:medium"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="color:#000000">Overall, median age was 42 <span style="font-family:Symbol">±</span> 6 years, 82% were male and significant CAD was diagnosed in 67% of patients. A high frequency of cardiovascular risk factors was observed, namely overweight (73%), smoking (61%) and dyslipidemia (42%). After univariate analysis, gender (p=0.049), age (p=0.005), smoking (p=0.032), <span style="color:black">low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p=0.005) and total cholesterol (p=0.003)</span> were significantly associated with significant CAD in coronary angiography. However, after multivariate logistic regression, only age (OR=1.123; CI 95% [<span style="color:black">1.036-1.217</span>]; p=0.005) and <span style="color:black">low-density lipoprotein</span> cholesterol (OR=1.016; CI 95% [<span style="color:black">1.004-1.028</span>]; p=0.009) remained as independent factors for CAD.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:medium"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="color:#000000"><strong>Conclusions</strong></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:medium"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="color:#000000">As several modifiable risk factors have an impact on cardiovascular disease, there is an urgent need to improve primary prevention in the young. Conversely, a more thorough investigation is needed in the cases where no significant coronary disease is found.</span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:medium"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="color:#000000">In our population, only age and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were independent risk factors for significant CAD, however other modifiable risk factors should not be neglected.</span></span></span></p>
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