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Coronary Artery Disease and apolipoprotein levels: analysis of patients referred to a Cardiac Rehabilitation Program
Session:
Posters (Sessão 1 - Écran 8) - Dislipidémia, Diabetes e Obesidade
Speaker:
Ricardo Carvalheiro
Congress:
CPC 2023
Topic:
J. Preventive Cardiology
Theme:
28. Risk Factors and Prevention
Subtheme:
29.2 Cardiovascular Rehabilitation
Session Type:
Pósters Electrónicos
FP Number:
---
Authors:
Ricardo Carvalheiro; Inês Ferreira Neves; Ana Raquel Santos; Pedro Rio; Ana Sofia Silva; Luciano Alves; Rui Cruz Ferreira
Abstract
<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Aims: To evaluate the lipid profile, including apolipoproteins (Apo) A-I, B and lipoprotein (a) (Lp[a]) levels, and its correlation to the degree of coronary heart disease (CAD) in patients referred to a cardiac rehabilitation (CR) program.</span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Methods: Retrospective cohort study of 97 patients with CAD referred to a CR program with lipid profile analysis between January 2021 and October 2022. Patients were grouped by number of coronary arteries affected (1,2 or 3), and lipid profile parameters were compared between the groups.</span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Results: 83 (85.6%) of patients (P) were male, and the mean age was of 57 ± 9 years. Most patients were referred after an acute myocardial infarction, with 73P (75.3%) having had a STEMI and 14P (14.4%) an NSTEMI. At presentation, mean BMI was 28.0 ± 6.2 kg/m<sup>2</sup> and mean abdominal circumference was 101.3 ± 11.6 cm. 50P (51.5%) were active smokers, 19P (19.6%) had diabetes, 50P (51.5%) had dyslipidemia, and 95P (97.8%) were under statin therapy. 60P (62.5%) had 1 vessel disease, 23P (24.0%) had 2 vessel disease, and 13 (13.5%) had 3 vessel disease. At presentation, mean ApoA1 was 127.3 ± 18.4 mg/dL, ApoB 67.3 ± 20.3 mg/dL, ApoB/ApoA1 ratio 0.56 ± 0.17; median Lp(a) was 22.0 mg/dL (IQR 22-58).</span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">There was a statistically significant difference in mean triglyceride levels (F(2,93) = 6.283, p=0.003), ApoB levels (F(2,93) = 3.603, p=0,031) and ApoB/ApoA1 ratio (F(2,92)=3.324, p=0,04) between groups of patients according to the number of coronary arteries occluded, as determined by one-way ANOVA. A Tukey post hoc test revealed that triglyceride levels were statistically significantly higher in patients with two vessel disease (129.5 ± 44.0, p = 0,012) and three vessel disease (134.0 ± 108.0, p= 0,028) compared to patients with one vessel disease (91.2 ± 37.8); patients with two vessel disease had higher ApoB levels (76,7 ± 24.5, p =0,024) and ApoB/ApoA1 ratio (0,6 ± 0,19, p=0,047) compared to patients with one vessel disease (63.78 ± 17.65 and 0.51 ± 0.15, respectively). There were no statistically significant differences between the groups regarding total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, ApoA1 and Lp(a).</span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Conclusions: In our cohort, patients with two vessel disease had higher ApoB levels and ApoB/ApoA1 ration compared to patients with one vessel disease. There were no statistically significant differences between the groups regarding Lp(a) levels.</span></span></p>
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