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Sex-based differences in quality of life during phase II of a cardiac rehabilitation program – a retrospective observational study
Session:
Posters (Sessão 1 - Écran 3) - Cardiologia em Populações Especiais 1
Speaker:
Margarida S. Cabral
Congress:
CPC 2023
Topic:
K. Cardiovascular Disease In Special Populations
Theme:
30. Cardiovascular Disease in Special Populations
Subtheme:
30.14 Cardiovascular Disease in Special Populations - Other
Session Type:
Pósters Electrónicos
FP Number:
---
Authors:
Margarida Cabral; Rita Santos; Mariana Carvalho; José Ferreira Carvalho; Filipa Januário; Alexandre Antunes; João Morais
Abstract
<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Despite the benefits of cardiovascular risk factors control, functional capacity, morbidity and mortality, cardiac rehabilitation programs (CRP) have demonstrated an important role in improving quality of life and mental health. Furthermore, it has been reported that female patients have a worse quality of life and a slower improvement in mental health after acute coronary syndrome than male patients. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effects of phase II of a hybrid CRP on the quality of life and mental health of patients with coronary artery disease and to compare its benefits between genders.</span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">A retrospective study was conducted and patients who had completed the phase II CRP between 2017 and 2022 were included. Patient selection and information collection were obtained through medical records. The outcomes were <em>Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale</em> (HADS) and <em>EuroQol-5D score</em> (EQ-5D) results. Patients were divided into two groups: group 1 for female patients and group 2 for male patients. Variables were analysed at the beginning (T0) and the end (T1) of phase II. Group comparison tests were performed. A <em>p-value</em> less than 0.05 was statistically significant. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software v25.0.</span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">One hundred and fifty-eight patients were enrolled in phase II of the CRP and 126 completed it, of which 108 (85.7%) were men and 18 (14.3%) were women. Baseline characteristics (Table 1) are similar between groups, except for smoking, more prevalent in women (p-value=0.04). At baseline (T0), we observed worse scores for both scales in women, with significant differences for anxiety (p-value<0.01). During CRP phase II, both groups significantly improved their HADS score and only men improved the EuroQoL index (Table 2). However, differences in benefits were not significant for all variables.</span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">In conclusion, we observe an apparent worse quality of life and mental health in women at the beginning of phase II CRP, especially for the anxiety component. Despite that, female patients have the capacity of improving their well-being during CRP as well as men. Therefore, it is imperative to make efforts to include women, frequently underrepresented in CRPs. </span></span></p>
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