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The impact of COVID-19 Era in Cardiac Reabilitation programs: were cardiovascular patients able to remain physically active?
Session:
Posters - J. Preventive Cardiology
Speaker:
Mariana Borges
Congress:
CPC 2021
Topic:
J. Preventive Cardiology
Theme:
28. Risk Factors and Prevention
Subtheme:
28.12 Physical Inactivity and Exercise
Session Type:
Posters
FP Number:
---
Authors:
Mariana Borges; Madalena Lemos Pires; Rita Pinto; Inês Ricardo; Nelson Cunha; Pedro Alves da Silva; Mariana Liñan Pinto; Catarina Sousa Guerreiro; Fausto j. Pinto; Helena Santa-Clara; Ana Abreu
Abstract
<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Introduction:</strong> Cardiovascular rehabilitation (CR) was one of the areas negatively affected by COVID-19. A high number of cardiovascular disease (CVD) patients had their centre-based program suspended. Physical activity (PA) recommendations for CVD patients are well established and its benefits largely documented. However, few studies have objectively measured the PA of these patients throughout the years and specifically during COVID-19 era. </span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Purpose: </strong>To objectively measure PA and sedentary time (ST) during COVID-19 era in comparison with the previous 2 years in CVD patients who were attending a phase III centre-based CR program.</span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Methods</strong>: 87 CVD patients were attending a long-term CR program. From these, 78.2% have been on the program for at least 1 year. Annually, PA and ST were objectively assessed. After the CR centre-based program suspension due to COVID-19, a CR home-based digital model was created to avoid losing previous acquired benefits. After 7 months of suspension, 57.5% (n=50) patients returned to the face-to-face CR centre. We completed the assessment of 37 patients (64.8 ± 8.1 years, 89.2% male) and compared it as follows: M1) two assessments before COVID-19; M2) last assessment before COVID-19; M3) 7 months after CR program suspension (last trimester of 2020). Each wore an ActiGraph accelerometer for a week to assess daily and weekly minutes of light PA, moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) and ST. We used repeated-measures ANOVA and Wilcoxon signed rank test as a non parametric alternative. </span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Results: </strong>Intention-to-treat analysis<strong> </strong>showed that in M3 patients decreased average daily time spent in MVPA when compared with M2 (M3: 37.12 ± 20.20 min/day vs M2: 45.01 ± 19.12 min/day, p=0.002), no changes were found in MVPA between M1 and M2. Average daily time spent in light PA improved significantly from M1 to M2 (M1: 154.81 ± 43.68 min/day vs M2: 169.17 ± 39.15 min/day, p=0.042) but did not change from M2 to M3. Despite this, in M3, 81.08% of the patients still met the recommendations for MVPA and 35.14% did more than 300 min of MVPA/week. No changes were found in ST.</span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite a significant decrease on the amount of MVPA during the COVID-19 era, most CVD patients were able to meet PA recommendations throughout the last years. These findings suggest that CVD patients who attend supervised long-term CR programs might be aware of the importance of reaching PA guidelines. Reducing ST by replacing it by PA of any intensity could be an important and reachable target for long-term CR programs.</span></span></p>
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