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Acute myocardial infarction risk factors and symptoms: what does the portuguese population know?
Session:
Painel 6-Doença Coronária 1
Speaker:
Sofia Torres
Congress:
CPC 2020
Topic:
E. Coronary Artery Disease, Acute Coronary Syndromes, Acute Cardiac Care
Theme:
13. Acute Coronary Syndromes
Subtheme:
13.2 Acute Coronary Syndromes – Epidemiology, Prognosis, Outcome
Session Type:
Posters
FP Number:
---
Authors:
Sofia Torres; Paulo Araújo; Carlos Resende; Pedro Diogo; Catarina Martins Da Costa; Ana Amador; João Calvão; Ricardo Pinto; Tânia Proença; Miguel Martins De Carvalho; Maria Júlia Maciel Barbosa
Abstract
<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Prompt recognition of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) symptoms is critical to ensure timely medical care-seeking behaviors and adequate acute medical therapy. Also, population awareness about cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) plays a pivotal role in cardiovascular disease prevention.</p> <p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To assess the knowledge about CVRFs and AMI symptoms in patients (pts) admitted to our hospital due to AMI, as well as their ability to recognize these symptoms during the acute event.</p> <p><strong>Methods:</strong> Prospective evaluation of pts admitted to our hospital with AMI between june 2018 and july 2019, which included a questionnaire (performed in the first 24h of admission) and consultation of the clinical records.</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> The study population consisted of 122 pts, of whom 76% were male, with a mean age of 63.7 years. Almost all pts (96.7%) had at least one CVRF, but only 36.4% considered to have any of them. When asked, the majority of pts correctly considered the following conditions as CVRFs: smoking – 93.2%, hypertension – 92.3%, obesity – 92.3%, dyslipidemia - 86.9%, sedentary lifestyle – 81.2%, diabetes – 73.8%, family history of coronary heart disease – 80.3%.</p> <p>Recognition of AMI symptoms was assessed by asking the pts from a list of typical symptoms together with other symptoms not related with AMI. 26.2% declared that did not know the symptoms of AMI. Among pts who reported to know these symptoms, the most frequently identified were central chest pain (100%) and dyspnea (80.2%), while diaphoresis (73.0%), pain in other classic locations - epigastrium/left arm/neck (70.0%) and nausea/vomiting (56%) were less commonly identified. Furthermore, 87.0% mistakenly attributed non-cardiac symptoms to AMI, especially symptoms of stroke, such as hemiparesis (63.0%), paresthesia (60.0%) and dysarthria (51.0%).</p> <p>During the acute phase, less than half of the pts (42.5%) thought that they were having an AMI. The remaining attributed their symptoms to: indigestion - 31.1%, anxiety – 14.8%, respiratory causes – 8.2%, muscular causes – 6.6% and others – 26.2%, while 13.1% did not consider their symptoms to be serious. For pts who correctly identified the acute symptoms as a possible AMI, the time until first medical contact (FMC) was significantly shorter– median time 70 minutes vs 123.5 minutes (p=0.025).</p> <p>From the total population, 25.4% had a previous history of ischemic heart disease and these pts were more able to attribute their symptoms to AMI during the acute event (71.0% vs 32.6%; p<0.001).</p> <p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although most pts were able to theoretically identify the main CVRFs and symptoms of AMI, less than half of them correctly identified their own AMI symptoms during the acute event, and this was associated with a significantly longer time until FMC. Health education programs for the general population are needed to ensure a better knowledge of CVRFs and AMI symptoms to achieve better outcomes.</p>
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