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Genetic polymorphisms associated with a higher risk of essencial hypertension in a population with low salt intake
Session:
Posters 4 - Écran 7 - Prevenção
Speaker:
Ana Célia Sousa
Congress:
CPC 2019
Topic:
O. Basic Science
Theme:
36. Basic Science
Subtheme:
36.6 Basic Science - Other
Session Type:
Posters
FP Number:
---
Authors:
Ana Célia Sousa; Maria Isabel Mendonça; Sara Gouveia; Sofia Gonçalves; Teresa Goes; Rafael Nascimento; Andreia Pereira; Mariana Rodrigues; Eva Henriques; Sónia Freitas; Ana Isabel; Graça Guerra; Ilídio Ornelas; Roberto Palma dos Reis
Abstract
<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> High salt intake has been associated with the development of Essential Hypertension (EH). However there are individuals whose blood pressure greatly increases with a slight increase in salt intake and others that present almost invariable blood pressure values even when undergoing high salt diets. This phenomenon of salt sensitivity is determined genetically.</p> <p><strong>Objective:</strong> To evaluate the importance of genetics in the development of EH in individuals with lower salt intake.</p> <p><strong>Methods:</strong> Within 1712 individuals we separated two groups according to whether or not they had EH (860 hypertensive and 852 controls).</p> <p>We studied the genes <em>ACE</em> I/D, <em>ACE</em> A2350G, <em>AGT</em> T174M, <em>AGT</em> M235T, <em>AGTR1</em> A1166C, <em>CYP11B2 </em>C-344T, <em>ADRB1</em> R389G, <em>ADRB2</em> R16G, <em>ADD1</em> G460W, <em>SCNN1G</em> G-173A, <em>GNB3</em> C825T, <em>ATP2B1</em> A/G, <em>CYP17A1</em> T/C in both groups.</p> <p>In the hypertensive group we evaluated the renal sodium excretion in the 24-hour urine which is linked to sodium intake. We divided the values ??of renal sodium excretion into tertiles, comparing the frequency of polymorphisms in the 1st tertile (with a lower sodium intake (lower SI) ≤155mEq/24h (n=285)) with the frequency of the same polymorphisms in controls. We did the same regarding the 3<sup>rd</sup> tertile ((highest SI), ≥183mEq/24h, n=285).</p> <p>Statistical Analysis: We performed the chi-square test to compare the genetic variants between groups. We calculated the various genetic models and finally a logistic regression analysis was carried out. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software for Windows version 19.0. We used the significance level of p<0.05.</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> None of the polymorphisms was associated with the occurrence of EH in hypertensive individuals with higher SI (3rd tertile).</p> <p>The <em>ADRB1</em> gene polymorphism in the dominant, additive and multiplicative models was associated with EH in individuals with lower SI, (OR=1.995, p=0.008; OR=1.245, p=0.038 and OR=1.253, p=0.035, respectively), and the <em>ADD1</em> variant in the recessive model (OR=3.069, p=0.006). After multivariate analysis, these same genes remained in the equation (table 1).</p> <p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The group with minor SI presented an association of the genetic component and EH. Polymorphisms <em>ADD1</em> G460W and <em>ADRB1</em> R389G were associated with a higher risk of EH in individuals with a lower SI. None of the studied genetic polymorphisms was associated with the onset of EH in individuals with higher SI. This study attempted to explain in an innovative way EH in patients with lower salt intake.</p>
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