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Curso de Atualização em Medicina Cardiovascular 2019
Reunião Anual Conjunta dos Grupos de Estudo de Cirurgia Cardíaca, Doenças Valvulares e Ecocardiografia da SPC
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A. Basics
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01. History of Cardiology
02. Clinical Skills
03. Imaging
04. Arrhythmias, General
05. Atrial Fibrillation
06. Supraventricular Tachycardia (non-AF)
07. Syncope and Bradycardia
08. Ventricular Arrhythmias and Sudden Cardiac Death (SCD)
09. Device Therapy
10. Chronic Heart Failure
11. Acute Heart Failure
12. Coronary Artery Disease (Chronic)
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20. Congenital Heart Disease and Pediatric Cardiology
21. Pulmonary Circulation, Pulmonary Embolism, Right Heart Failure
22. Aortic Disease
23. Peripheral Vascular and Cerebrovascular Disease
24. Stroke
25. Interventional Cardiology
26. Cardiovascular Surgery
27. Hypertension
28. Risk Factors and Prevention
29. Rehabilitation and Sports Cardiology
30. Cardiovascular Disease in Special Populations
31. Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy
32. Cardiovascular Nursing
33. e-Cardiology / Digital Health
34. Public Health and Health Economics
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Cardiac rehabilitation after an acute coronary syndrome: eight years of a real-life experience
Session:
Posters 5 - Écran 08 - Reabilitação Cardíaca
Speaker:
Marta Braga
Congress:
CPC 2018
Topic:
J. Preventive Cardiology
Theme:
29. Rehabilitation and Sports Cardiology
Subtheme:
29.2 Cardiovascular Rehabilitation
Session Type:
Posters
FP Number:
---
Authors:
Marta Braga; J. Afonso Rocha; Helena M. Nascimento; Paulo Araújo; Sofia Torres; Alzira Nunes; Roberto Pinto; Joana Duarte Rodrigues; Vitor Araújo; Fernando Parada; Maria Júlia Maciel Barbosa
Abstract
<p><strong>Background</strong>: Cardiac rehabilitation programs (CRP) are essential interventions in secondary prevention of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Contemporary CRP includes baseline patient assessments, psychosocial and nutritional counselling, cardiovascular (CV) risk factor management, and exercise training. The purpose of this study was to describe the baseline characteristics and evaluate the impact of a CR in CV risk profile and functional capacity (FC) in patients after ACS.</p> <p><strong>Methods</strong>: We prospectively collected data from patients who underwent a CR program after an ACS, from 2008 to 2016. FC was assessed using a standard exercise test (ET), including exercise duration and intensity in metabolic equivalents (METs). We used paired sample T-Test to study the effect of a CR program.</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> Among the 867 patients included, 85.1% were males. The mean age was 54.7±10.0 years. About 16.2% were unemployed. Regarding to the prevalence of CV risk factors, hypertension was present in 42.7%, smoking in 54.3%, dyslipidemia in 60.2%, and obesity in 25.5% of patients. Mean LDL-cholesterol was 122.8±38.9 mg/dL, while HDL-cholesterol was 41.6±11.8 mg/dL. Mean body mass index was 27.8±4.0. Only 18.8% of cohort were diabetic, and their mean glycated haemoglobin was 7.6±1.5%. Main diagnosis of patients was ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Percutaneous myocardial revascularization (MR) was performed in 80.9% of patients, and only 8.4% of patients had been submitted to a surgical MR. Most patients had preserved left ventricular systolic function. The results of the first ET showed mean maximal ET duration of 8.4±2.1 min and mean intensity of 9.0±2.3 METs. Approximately 85% of the patients completed an exercise training, showing a statistically significant improvement of FC after the CRP. Final ET showed mean maximal ET duration of 10.2±2.2 min and mean intensity of 10.7±2.1 METs. After a CRP there was a significant reduction in LDL-cholesterol, and in mean body mass index. There was also a reduction in mean glycated haemoglobin in diabetic patients, as well as a tendency for increase in HDL-cholesterol (without statistically significance).</p> <p><strong>Conclusions</strong>: Patients with ACS had a high prevalence of CV risk factors. CRP had an important role in reduction of modifiable CV risk factors and improvement of FC, as well as in reducing CV morbidity and mortality. This study emphasizes the need to increase referral of ACS patients to the CRP.</p>
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