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Differences in Overweight and Obesity Prevalence Among Primary School Children in São João da Madeira, Portugal
Session:
SESSÃO DE POSTERS 09 - OBESIDADE E HIPERTENSÃO: VELHOS CONHECIDOS, NOVAS FERRAMENTAS
Speaker:
Ana Margarida Silva Pinho
Congress:
CPC 2025
Topic:
J. Preventive Cardiology
Theme:
28. Risk Factors and Prevention
Subtheme:
28.1 Risk Factors and Prevention – Epidemiology
Session Type:
Cartazes
FP Number:
---
Authors:
Ana Margarida Silva Pinho; Ana Guedes; Alice Coelho; Irene Guimarães; Rosa Cardoso; Lúcia Gomes; Miguel Costa; Carla Araújo; Rui Baptista
Abstract
<p><span style="font-size:12px"><span style="font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif">BACKGROUND: Childhood obesity is a growing global health concern, associated with increased risks of cardiometabolic disorders and long-term health complications. São João da Madeira, Portugal's smallest municipality in area, provides a unique setting to investigate localized disparities in childhood obesity. Understanding these small-scale differences is essential for implementing targeted, effective public health strategies. We aimed to analyze the prevalence of overweight and obesity among primary school children in São João da Madeira and evaluate differences between schools across two academic years (2022/2023 and 2023/2024).</span></span></p> <p><span style="font-size:12px"><span style="font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif">METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in three primary schools in São João da Madeira, involving 114 children (age range 7–11 years, 56.1% females) participating in the ongoing GREAT (Target in promoting children's health: a research-driven school-based physical activity intervention) prospective cohort study. Anthropometric measures and BP were obtained by a trained team using standardized techniques and appropriate equipment. Body composition was assessed through Body Mass Index (BMI) and pediatric growth curves, classifying children into four categories: underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obesity.</span></span></p> <p><span style="font-size:12px"><span style="font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif">RESULTS: The findings revealed significant disparities in overweight and obesity prevalence between schools. In the 2022/2023 academic year, overweight and obesity rates ranged from 14.3%-40.7%, with Fontaínhas school recording the highest prevalence (40.7%) versus 27.5% in Fundo de Vila and 14.3% in Ribeiros. In 2023/2024, while a slight overall improvement was noted, the rates remained high, ranging from 14.3%-37.5%. Ribeiros school consistently reported the lowest levels of overweight and obesity.</span></span></p> <p><span style="font-size:12px"><span style="font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif">CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that even in small, geographically compact areas such as São João da Madeira, notable differences in childhood obesity prevalence exist, driven by school location and socioeconomic factors. These disparities emphasize the need for localized approaches to obesity prevention, rather than relying on broad, generalized strategies. Extrapolating these results to larger urban centers highlights the potential for even greater disparities, reinforcing the importance of targeted, region-specific public health interventions to address childhood obesity and its associated health risks.</span></span></p>
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